Predatory Sexual Harrassment by Debbie Dougherty - Extra Credit Kaitlyn Francel

I attended the seminar "Predatory Sexual Harassment, The Anaerobic Bacteria of Organizational Life" by Debbie Dougherty. She was a lovely speaker who was full of charm. First, she explained what makes predatory behavior in the workplace. These were her definitions:
-Persistent behavior
-Multiple Targets
-Organizationally supported
-Operates in a field of crafted Science
Then she moved on to outline the legal definition and how that can seem rather ambiguous and thus, the traditional approach lacks specificity. This is how Dougherty was led to create the Cultural Approach to Sexual Harassment.

The Cultural Approach to Sexual Harassment recognizes that sexual harassment is woven into the culture of an organization, and thus it occurs every day and it is normalized. This is highly destructive to organizational culture because it results in a loss of money and employees, but most importantly, it damages their brand and reputation. With all of this in mind, the speaker moved on to ask how we could change what was happening in organizations. We brainstormed using a bubble circle chart and proposed our various solutions. Some of these included increasing awareness of what predatory behavior really is, along with better administrative or executive action.

Overall, I was pleasantly surprised by the interesting points that Dougherty made. She shared a lot of ideas that I had never thought about before. Such as, what really is predatory behavior? How do we react to it? Etc. I think that this seminar was highly beneficial to me because I can now recognize what predatory behavior is and if it is occurring in a situation. I think that awareness is a crucial part of stopping the problem, and I believe that more people need to see seminars like this one so that they are educated on the topic.

Best,
KT

Born on Third Base Ch. 14 - Kaitlyn Francel

Summary of Born on Third Base part V - Ch 14 - Kaitlyn Francel

The author, Chuck Collins, opens this chapter talking about his friend, Edith, that is in her late 40s. He describes an interaction that they have in which Edith is crying because she is living paycheck to paycheck, and there are layoffs occurring in her company. He feels extreme pain for her and delves into the story of how the stock market crash of 2008 affected her and many others. Following this experience, the author goes to church and his eyes are opened to how people are struggling. Many people that he thought were fine, were really missing the cash to do small important tasks, such as transportation to the doctor, or fixing a window. Thus, the church built community groups called Resilience Circles, which are essentially mutual aid support groups. In these groups, people supported each other by aiding in tasks, learning more about the economy together, and creating a social movement. The groups met twice monthly and people came in with their "gifts" and "needs," essentially a list of things that a person could offer to another, and things that the same person needed to ask for. This turned into a beautiful internal social exchange where people exchanged goods or services without the use of money or reliance on larger businesses and companies.

Collins comes to realize that large influencers tell us that we should not rely on one another and that instead, we need to be independent individuals. This encourages and benefits the large economic businesses, but poisons social interaction and networks. The author discovers that by sharing and coexisting with one another, more resources can be utilized at a lower price, which can help many struggling groups of people out tremendously. The author discusses that people often lack the ability to ask others for help when they need it, even though everyone does need help at some point in their life. And these Resilience circles gave people the ability to get used to asking and giving, not as charity, but as a group of interconnected people.

At the end of the chapter, Collins explains that a wealthy couple wanted to donate money to the Resilience Circle, but that the Circle humbly declined. They did so because it just wasn't what they stood for as a group. This again proves that money is not the key to life, it is human interaction and the ability to help one another out in times of need. And that is how Collins wraps up this beautiful chapter, by calling for a strengthening of human interaction and interdependence.

A Newbie’s Guide to USC Culture by Katie Francel

We all know how it feels to walk into a brand new school for the first time. The nervous butterflies in your tummy that flutter as your kneecaps jitter. Well, take that and multiply it to 100, because you just got into ‘SC baby, and you’re a Trojan now!

To help you escape those jitters, and impress your peers, here’s a how-to guide to the culture you will see at USC:

• Bird/Lime/Spin

If you see any of these lying around, know that an SC student won't be far away. We can bet that they're flocking to these things to make it to their 10am on time.

• "The Row”

This is an important one. You will be spending many nights with your pals discussing which frat party on "the row" you're going to attend. Because whats USC without a party scene anyways? Get familiar with which fraternity and sorority is located where, so you are prepared to reference it at any given moment. 

• Beer Die

Are you even a frat bro if you don't die up? Every Friday, Saturday, and Sunday (and even sometimes Thursdays) you are going to see fraternity brothers playing this notorious game on their front lawn while blaring extremely loud music (if it's ZBT, it will likely be Wonderwall on repeat). If you plan on being a fraternal brother, you'd better get good at this game, and fast!

• "The 90"/"Ditos"

If you hear any kid say one of these words, you're in for one heck of a night. The 901 Bar and Banditos are both hotspots for USC kids when they have no frat parties to go to, but they still want to rage. Bonus: order an AMF to impress the experienced veterans. Just be careful, you probably won't remember this night!

• Juul

Ahhh, whats being a college student if it isn't for an extremely overpriced nicotine addiction? Here at USC, students don't waste their money on gross cigarettes. Instead, they opt for the more expensive, candy/fruit flavored Juul's to get their fix. If a kid asks you if you have a Juul pod, and you say no, you'd better be ready to watch them run to CalMart at 12am to grab a pack faster than the top athlete can run a mile.

• Gucci Belts

You can't walk down the row without seeing at least one girl wearing a Gucci belt. That's self explanatory, duh! 

• Mr. Brightside by The Killers

Know it, learn it, love it. You're going to be singing along with it at every fraternity party you go to for the next 4 years. You'll probably hear 12 different remixes of it tool. Don't even bother trying to resist.

• Bonus Lingo:

- "Just Venmo me bro”: you owe some dude cash. Download the Venmo app, and prepare to

empty your bank account, usually on nights you can't remember. You'll be waking up in the morning to an unpleasant call from mom and dad.

- “Yo meet me in campus center”: you're probably about to dish on this week's hottest gossip, head over to the tutor campus center, accompanied by Seeds, The Habit, Panda, and more!

- "Dude, I was so browned out last night": essentially, browned is the lesser version of blacked. So, your pal definitely doesn't remember most of his night, but he still has some recollection. Hey, it's better than nothing!

Now you’ll never be caught un-educated about anything USC related. So go for it, take a step on campus. You are ready to impress!

Public Speaking for the Introvert - Final - Kaitlyn Francel

Public Speaking for the Introvert 

How to channel NERVES into ENERGY for an amazing performance, with no previous experience!

Shallow breaths, nervous sweats, jitters. Your coffee threatens to slip above the brim of your cup as your nerves spill over. Deep breaths, your presentation is starting, and all eyes are on you.

We all know the nervous feeling you get before you step up in front of a large crowd of people to present or perform. Public speaking, performance, or presentation is a critical skill to learn whether you’re entering the business world or trying to breakout on
Broadway. Whether you like it or not, you’ll likely have to do it at some point in your lifetime.
For me, it was on the theatrical stage, for you it may be in a class, in a career setting, etc. I would
like to help you prepare for this situation!

Why listen to me?

Let me give you my background. I’ve been standing in front of critical eyes since I was the age of 5. I have been in over 50 performances in my lifetime, whether it has been in the theatre, in choir, in a solo vocal concert, in class, or in a dance showcase. I have gradually trained my body to react positively in public speaking/performing situations by using techniques, and practicing over time. I have used the techniques below to teach myself to be energetic instead of nervous in all of these performance experiences. And now, I am here to help you do the same!

Trick Your Brain - Weeks Before the Presentation/Performance

Practice, Practice, Practice – your brain is classically conditioned to react to situations in a specific way. However, scientific evidence has proven that the best way to get over an undesired reaction to a situation is to counter-condition it into a positive experience. Let me explain what this means:

Classical Conditioning is a way that the body unconsciously learns that specific stimuli will trigger a response. Counter-Conditioning is taking the conditioned response and altering it by re-teaching the body through numerous exposures, and thus creating a more pleasant, or desired, response..

In this case, public speaking is the stimulus, and the conditioned response is fear, anxiety, and all the other general symptoms of nervousness. But what we want to do, is train your body with a new conditioned response to public speaking. As a result, instead of being afraid, you channel that fear into energy and an exciting performance.

Here’s where the energy comes in. Every time you start to present, rather than defaulting to the conditioned response of fear, tell yourself to instead be energetic! That way, you’re re-training your brain and setting up a new conditioned response. By doing this,  in future presentations you won’t have to work as hard to get rid of nerves, because your body will be conditioned to react instead with an energetic performance!

If you practice – both alone, in front of people, in front of a mirror, or even to your dog – with your desired conditioned response (energy replacing nervousness) your teaching your body that it is okay to do public speaking, and that it’s a normal thing that people do and that you don’t have to be afraid! It may be hard at first, but don't give up because it takes time! Exposure is key!

Here Goes Nothing - Right Before the Presentation/Performance

There are some great relaxation techniques to do before performances. Doing these will slow your heart rate, steady your breathing, and decrease your muscle jitters!

Deep Breathing

By counting, use numbers to represent each in and out breath you take. For example, breathe in “one” breathe out “two.” Do this until you reach about 15 or so. Repeat as necessary.

An elevated heart rate is a result of the body’s autonomic (or automatic) nervous system reacting to a scary situation. In science, this is an adaptive trait that evolved due to a survival tactic, called survival of the fittest. Survival of the fittest is the likelihood that an animal will survive based off of their skills and adaptations. This autonomic system response has been keeping humans alive for centuries. Here’s an example of it’s correct response:

You are hiking in the woods and stumble upon a bear. What happens?

-pupils dilate

-blood flow goes to crucial organs such as heart, lungs, and muscles

-you take off in a sprint, able to save yourself from the bear

This is the ideal situation, because your body’s automatic response kept you alive. However, sometimes this system is hyperactive, specifically in the case of public speaking. In order to attempt to decrease this overactive automatic response during an unthreatening event, doing deep breathing exercises decreases your heart rate, which in turn decreases anxiety as a whole.

Muscle Tension Release

There are multiple techniques to release tension and the body and lead to relaxation. This is one I like the best:

Tense the muscles in your entire body, and then slowly release that tension from each muscle, starting from your toes and working your way up to your arms and neck and back. Then shake out your whole body. Repeat as desired.

By doing this, you are becoming actively aware of the tenseness in your muscles. Once you can be aware of this tenseness, you can work on getting rid of it. By seeing the two extremes in your super tense and super lax muscles, you can begin to recognize it. Thus, every time you are in a public speaking situation, you can remember to let go of this tenseness, and focus on a better presentation.

Now, Step Onstage

You’ve got this. You’re prepared, and calm and relaxed, and you’re conditioned for success. You can do this! Also, cut yourself some slack. It's a skill that takes time to learn, and even longer to master. PRACTICE MAKES PERFECT!

References
BarCharts, I., & Jacobs, R. (2014). Public speaking. Retrieved from https://ebookcentral.proquest.com.

Kirchner, J. (2004). Managing Musical Performance Anxiety. The American Music Teacher, 53(3), 31-33.Retrieved February 2, 2019.

Mladenka, J. D., Sawyer, C. R., & Behnke, R. R. (1998). Anxiety sensitivity and speech trait anxiety as predictors of state anxiety during public speaking. Communication Quarterly, 46(4), 417-429. 

Werner, N. S., Duschek, S., Mattern, M., & Schaundry, R. (2009). Interoceptive sensitivity modulates anxiety during public speaking. Journal of Psychophysiology, 23(2), 85-94. Retrieved February 2,  2019.

How I Killed Pluto and Why It Had It Coming Whole Book Review - Kaitlyn Francel

How Brown Killed Pluto, but Captured the Audience’s Heart

METAPHOR

The book “How I Killed Pluto and Why it Had it Coming” did a wonderful job of making a dense topic more lighthearted and easy to read. It poses the story in a relatable way since Brown describes his experience in science simultaneously to his experience in childrearing. Brown makes the job of being a scientist much more “real” by providing the detail that he is a parent. He puts the topics such as the discovery of Pluto as a dwarf planet and the understanding of the Kuiper belt side-by-side with the innocent growth arc of his daughter. He even utilizes his job as a scientist and applies it to his parenting life when he watches the sleep/wake/eat cycles of his new daughter whom he is fascinated about:

“Lilah did little more than sleep eat and cry, which to me was the most fascinating thing in the entire universe”(Brown, 2012).

It’s so important to note that with all the incredible discoveries that Brown makes, he still finds his daughter to be the greatest of them all. That makes me appreciate Brown so much more as a person, and builds his character amidst the negative publicity surrounding the dwarf planets.

STYLE

Not only did the author use metaphor to exemplify his life as he “killed Pluto,” but he also had an excellent way of defining information. We’re not all scientists, and he doesn’t make us feel bad about that. He defines difficult things like “dwarf planet, Kuiper belt, heliocentric system” without relaying any judgement or smugness.  Along with that, his writing is fairly straightforward and easy to understand, without the requirement of looking up difficult terms.

THE END

I would like to draw attention to a particularly interesting part of the book, and the part that really ties everything all together. It is the very end of the book, during the Prague conference that decided it all. At the time, I’m sure that the conference was extremely scattered and confusing. However, Brown did an amazing job of explaining the events of the conference and made it simple enough to understand. For example, I learned that naming Pluto a “dwarf planet” was a compromise that did anger many people, but the alternative, “classical planets vs planet,” would have been equally as distressing. I also learned the definition of a planet and how that connects with understanding Pluto’s “predicament.” All of the definitions are tied together in a story that seamlessly connects.

Overall, I really enjoyed Brown’s explanation of the “downfall” of Pluto. I learned the significant parts of the Pluto debacle, while enjoying an easy read! I would recommend to anyone looking for a quick read.

Reference

Brown, M. (2012). How I Killed Pluto and Why It Had It Coming. New York: Spiegel & Grau

            Trade Paperbacks.